Bell mechanism having plural gongs adapted to be mounted without adjustment



March 31, 1970 E. w. GOSSWILLER 3,504,365 BELL MECHANISM HAVING PLURAL cones ADAPTED TO BE MOUNTED WITHOUT ADJUSTMENT 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. 17, 1966 III VII/1 March 31, 1970 E. w. GOSSWILLER 3,504,365

BELL MECHANISM HAVING PLURAL cones ADAPTED TO BE MOUNTED WITHOUT ADJUSTMENT Filed Feb. 17. 1966 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 31, 1970 E. w. GOSSWILLER 3,

BELL MECHANISM HAVING PLURAL GONGS ADAPTED TO BE MOUNTED WITHOUT ADJUSTMENT 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 17. 1966 United States Patent Oflice 3,504,365 Patented Mar. 31, 1970 BELL MECHANISM HAVING PLURAL GONGS ADAPTED TO BE MOUNTED WITHOUT ADJUSTMENT Earl W. Gosswiiler, Chicago, Ill., assignor to Federal Sign and Signal Corporation, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Delaware Filed Feb. 17, 1966, Ser. No. 528,113 Int. Cl. G08b 3/10 US. Cl. 340396 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An improved electrically actuated gong or chime bar assembly including accurate locating means for locating a gong or chime bar relative to the striker member of a basic bell mechanism is disclosed. A plurality of gongs or chime bars are provided, each having locating means thereon, and a selected one of the gongs or chime bars is attached interchangeably to a basic bell mechanism without need for further precision adjustment of the mechanism.

The present invention relates to an improved bell design and in particular to a bell or electrically actuated gong or chime bar which is designed to permit interchangeable use of a plurality of different gongs or chimes without need for any special adjustment of the bell mechanism, when installing a gong or chime or interchanging one gong or chime for another.

Bells or electrically actuated gongs are commonly manufactured in a variety of types and sizes and thus in order to maintain a complete line it is necessary for a dealer to stock a very large number of different bell assemblies. This problem can be minimized by providing a limited number of basic bell mechanisms which can be used in various combinations with selected ones of different additional components such as different size and sounding gongs or chimes. For example, by providing a vibrating type AC mechanism, a vibrating type DC mechanism, a single stroke AC mechanism and a single stroke DC mechanism, together with three different size and different sounding gongs, e.g. 4-inch diameter, 6- inch diameter and 10-inch diameter gongs, it is possible to assemble any one of twelve different basic bell assemblies. However, it has not heretofore been practical to utilize interchangeable gongs and chimes with a basic bell mechanism because of the necessity for a precise tuned relationship between the gong or chime bar and the striker mechanism. That is, a bell assembly if it is to operate at maximum performance must be tuned and set at the factory, and the striker member must be located a predetermined distance from the rim portion of the gong or from the portion of the chime bar it is intended to strike. Accordingly, it has not heretofore been possible to remove one gong or chime and substitute another in the field without an adverse effect on the adjustment or sound output of the signal.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a bell assembly including a basic bell mechanism and related accessory components designed to permit installation or interchanging of different size and sound gongs or chimes in the field without adverse effect on the sound output of the signal and without need for further precision adjustment of the mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to provide a bell assembly including a basic bell mechanism and a gong or chime which are designed to greatly facilitate removal of one gong or chime and substitution of another without any possibility of assembling the components improperly.

A further more specific object of the invention is to provide a bell assembly including adapter means and gong locating means which permit removal of one gong and installation of a different size and sounding gong while maintaining a precise spacing between the bell striker member and the adjacent rim portion of the gong which is engaged by the striker when the bell is operated.

The foregoing and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description thereof.

Now in order to acquaint those skilled in the art with the manner of practicing and utilizing my invention, I shall describe, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, certain preferred embodiments of the invention.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, showing a basic bell mechanism with a small size gong mounted thereon;

FIGURE 2 is a front elevational view of the basic bell mechanism of FIGURE 1 with the gong removed therefrom;

FIGURE 3 is a detail rear elevational view of the gong of FIGURE 1, partly broken away, showing a slightly elongated central mounting aperture and a small diameter locating hole which are formed in the face of the gong;

FIGURE 4 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, showing the basic bell mechanism of FIGURE 1 with an adapter mounted on the front thereof and an intermediate size gong secured to the adapter in precisely predetermined relation to the bell striker mechanism;

FIGURE 5 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation and partly broken away, showing the basic bell mechanism of FIGURE 1 with an alternative form of adapter mounted on the front thereof and with a large size gong secured to the adapter in precisely predetermined relation to the bell striker mechanism;

FIGURE 6 is a vertical sectional view, partly in elevation, showing the basic bell mechanism of FIGURE 1 with a chime bar attachment mounted on the front there of including a chime bar which is located in precisely predetermined relation to the bell striker mechanism, the basic bell mechanism being shown in an inverted position relative to FIGURE 1; and

FIGURE 7 is a front elevational view of the chime assembly of FIGURE 6.

Referring now to the drawings, FIGURE 1 shows a bell assembly 20- comprising a basic bell mechanism 22 and a gong 24 secured to the front thereof by a fastening screw 26. The basic bell mechanism 22 includes a housing 28, and a power unit 30 including a movable striker rod 32, the housing being provided with an opening 33 at its lower end so as to permit the striker rod to project therethrough. The power unit 30- is fastened to the housing 28 by means of four screws 34- which pass through a power unit mounting plate 36 and are threaded into the rear face of the housing 28. As is best shown in FIGURE 2, the power unit mounting plate 36 has four vertical slots 38 formed therein to receive the mounting screws 34, and such slots permit precise vertical adjustment of the position of the power unit 22 and striker rod 32 relative to the housing 28. It should of course be understood that the bell assembly 20 of the present invention may be used in any desired position, and terms such as vertical and other like terms relating to the orientation of the bell mechanism are used herein with reference to a bell which is oriented as shown in the drawings.

The front face of the housing 28 includes a central boss 40 having a hole 42 formed therein which is counterbored at 44, and above the boss 40 there is formed a second boss 46, the latter being tapered so as to comprise a frusto-conical projection for a purpose to be described later herein. In addition, a pin hole 48 is provided in the front face of the housing 28, and a locating or dowel pin is mounted in the hole so as to project from the front face of the housing. The boss 46 and the hole 48 are located on a line which passes through the central axis of the housing and is parallel to the striker rod 32, and the same are precision formed with respect to one another so as to constitute individually or conjointly a reference for location of the striker rod 32 and the gong 24.

In order to secure the gong 24 to the front of the housing 28, a nut 52 having an annular flange or lip 54 is positioned in the central mounting hole 42 so that the lip engages at the base of the counterbore 44, and the fastening screw 26 extends through a central aperture 56 in the gong 24 and into threaded engagement with the nut 52 so as to clamp the gong against the front face of the boss 40. The aperture 56 in the gong 24 is slightly elongated vertically so that the screw 26 will not interfere with the precise vertical positioning of the gong relative to the striker rod 32. In order to effect such positioning, a small hole 58 is drilled or otherwise formed in the gong on a diameter thereof which coincides with the major axis of the elongated central aperture 56. It will be seen that when the gong 24 is assembled as shown in FIGURE 1, the locating pin 50 projects into the hole 58, and a rim portion of the gong is located immediately opposite the tip of the striker rod 32 for engagement thereby.

In the bell assembly described hereinabove, the pin 50 serves as a means for locating the gong 24. Thus, a precise relationship is required between the pin and the tip of the striker 32, and such a relationship can be achieved by a precision adjustment at the factory made possible due to the four slots 38 and fastening screws 34. Since the housing member 28 is precision cast or otherwise manufactured so that the pin hole 48 and boss 46 are spaced apart within very close tolerances, the foregoing adjustment will also effect precise vertical spacing between the tip of the striker 32 and the locating boss 46. The gong 24 is a small size gong and is located by the pin 50, but it will be seen later herein that the location of the boss 46 is critical in the mounting of larger gongs where adapter brackets are utilized. Referring to FIG- URE 3, the gong pin hole 58 is drilled or otherwise formed a precise vertical distance D from the rim portion 60 of the gong which is struck by the tip of the striker 32. Accordiigly, when the gong 24 is mounted as shown in FIGURE 1 with the locating pin 50 projecting into the pin hole 58, the gong rim portion 60 is spaced a precise predetermined distance from the tip of the striker 32 so as to achieve optimum performance characteristics from the bell assembly.

By virtue of the above described structural features, bell mechanisms or operators 22 can be manufactured, packaged and distributed individually of gongs; the gongs similarly can be made, packaged and distributed separately of the mechanisms or operators; and so long as the hole 58 is drilled distance D from the point 60 on the rim of each gong and the striker rod tip of each mechanism is factory mounted distance D-X from pin 50, any gong 24 will fit on and afford optimum performance in connection with any mechanism 22. To afi'ord field adjustment for bell loudness, which is achieved by controlling the stroke of rod 32 without changing its relation to the gong, FIGURE 1 further shows a leaf spring 62 and an associated adjusting screw 64 mounted in the top of the housing 28 for controlling the volume of the bell assembly.

Reference is now made to FIGURE 4 which illustrates the same basic bell mechanism 22 with the small gong 24 removed therefrom and an intermediate size gong 66 assembled to the bell mechanism by means of an adapter bracket 68. The adapter bracket 68 has a mounting hole 70 formed in the lower portion thereof, and the mounting screw 26 is passed through the hole 70 and threaded into the nut 52 so as to c amp the adapter bracket 68 against the front face of the housing boss 40. The adapter 68 has a boss 72 formed on the rear face thereof above the adapter mounting hole 70, and the boss 72 has a circular recess 74 formed therein which fits over the frustoconical boss 46 on the front face of the housing. The inside annular wall of the recess 74 engages on the tapered annular wall of the frusto-conical boss 46 so as to provide precise vertical location of the adapter bracket 68 relative to the bell housing 28.

More specifically, as previously described, the frustoconical boss 46 is located a precise vertical distance from the tip of the striker rod 32, and thus by utilizing the boss 46 to locate the adapter recess 74, the latter is also located a precise vertical distance from the tip of the striker. Moreover, a pin hole 76 is formed in the adapter bracket 68 a precise vertical distance from the central axis of the recess 74, and a dowel pin 78 is mounted therein for locating the gong 66. The gong 66 has a pin hole 80 drilled or otherwise formed therein for receiving the locating pin 78, and a central mounting hole 82 is also formed in the gong, the latter hole preferably being slightly elongated vertically as shown in conjunction with the previously described embodiment of FIGURE 3. A fastening screw 84 extends through the mounting hole 82 and into a threaded hole 86 in the adapter 68 so as to clamp the gong 66 against the front face of a boss 88 formed on the upper front face of the adapter. The pin hole 80 in the gong 66 is located on a line which passes through the center of the mounting hole 82 and preferably coincides with the major axis of the latter.

It is important that the pin hole 80 is located a precise vertical distance from a gong rim portion 90 which is struck by the tip of the striker 32 when the bell is operated. As previously described, the locating pin 78 in the adapter bracket 68 is located a precise predetermined vertical distance from the tip of the striker rod 32, and the gong pin hole 80 is located a precise distance from the rim portion 90 which is struck by the striker. Thus, the gong 66 when mounted as shown in FIGURE 4 and lo cated by the pin 78 will be so positioned that the rim portion 90 thereof will be disposed a precise predetermined distance from the tip of the striker 32, and such distance will be the same as in the embodiment of FIGURE 1. Accordingly, the adapter bracket 68 and intermediate size gong 66 may be assembled in the field to the basic bell mechanism 22 in the manner described without any adverse effect on the adjustment or sound output of the signal. Moreover, because of the interfitting boss 46 on the housing and the recess 74 in the adapter, and also the locating pin 78 on the adapter and the cooperating pin hole 80 formed in the gong, it is not possible to assemble such components incorrectly. Thus, any bracket 68 and a gong 66, as well as any gong 24, may be mounted on and perform optimumly in connection with any mechanism 22.

Reference is now made to FIGURE 5 which illustrates the same basic bell mechanism 22 which has been previously described herein in conjunction with the embodiment of FIGURE 1 and the embodiment of FIGURE 4. However, in the present instance the adapter 68 and gong 66 of FIGURE 4 have been removed and a large size gong 92 is shown assembled to the basic bell mechanism by means of a further form of adapter bracket 94. The adapter bracket 94 has a mounting hole 96 formed in the lower portion thereof, and the mounting screw 26 is passed through the hole 96 and threaded into the nut 52 so as to clamp the adapter bracket against the front face of the housing boss 40. The adapter 94 has a boss 98 formed on the rear face thereof above the mounting hole 96, and the boss 98 has a circular recess 100 which fits over the frusto-conical boss 46 on the front face of the housing 28. As in the embodiment of FIGURE 4 described hereinabove, the inside annular wall of the recess 100 engages on the tapered annular wall of the frusto-conical boss 46 so as to provide vertical location of the adapter bracket 94 relative to the housing 28. Since the frusto-conical boss 46 is located a precise vertical distance from the tip of the striker rod 32, the recess 100 in the adapter boss 98 will also be precisely locatedrelative to the striker tip. In addition, the adapter bracket 94 includes a pin hole 102 located a precise vertical distance above the central axis of the recess 100, and thus a locating pin 104 which is mounted in the hole 102 will similarly be located a precise predetermined vertical distance from the tip of the strike 32.

The gong 92 has a pin hole 106 drilled or otherwise formed therein for receiving the dowel pin 104, and a central mounting hole 108 is also formed in the gong, the latter hole preferably being slightly elongated vertically as shown in conjunction with the embodiment of FIGURE 3. A fastening screw 110 is passed through the mounting hole 108 and into a threaded hole 112 in the adapter 94 so as to clamp the gong 92 against the front face of a boss 114 formed on the front of the adapter at the upper end thereof. The pin hole 106 in the gong is located on a line which passes through the center of the elongated mounting hole 108 and preferably coincides with the major axis of the latter. In addition, the pin hole 106 is located a precise vertical distance from a gong rim portion 116 which is struck by the tip of the striker 32 when the bell is operated. Thus, since the locating pin 104 is spaced a precise predetermined distance from the tip of the striker rod 32, the gong rim portion 116 will also be spaced a precise predetermined distance from the tip of the striker 32, and such distance will be the same as in the embodiments of FIGURES l and 4.

Thus, any bracket 94 and gong 92, as well as any gong 24, and any bracket 68 and gong 66, may be mounted on and perform optimumly with any mechanism 22. Accordingly, it is manifest that any basic bell mechanism 22 may be combined with any selected one of a series of different size and sounding gongs in order to provide a bell assembly which provides the desired type of signal, the larger the gong the more eifectively loud and sustaining the sound wave created. The three gongs 24, 66 and 92 described herein may comprise a four inch diameter gong, a six inch diameter gong and a ten inch diameter gong, but of course various other size gongs may be utilized in accordance with the invention. It is an important advantage of the present invention that any selected one of a series of different size and sounding gongs may be used in conjunction with a single basic bell mechanism, and the gongs may be installed or substituted for one another in the field without jeopardizing performance or sound output of the bells and Without disturbing the wiring.

The basic bell mechanism 22 is initially adjusted at the factory so that the tip of the striker or plunger 32 is located a precise predetermined distance from certain locating members on the bell housing. Each gong when it is subsequently installed, and each adapter bracket where one is used, is positioned with reference to the same locating means on the bell housing 28. The gongs themselves have locating means, such as the pin hole which is drilled or otherwise formed in each gong in accordance with the preferred embodiment described herein, and such locating means is disposed a precise predetermined distance from the rim portion of the gong which is to be struck by the tip of the striker. In this manner, regardless of the size of the gong being installed, a precise constant spacing is maintained between the tip of the striker or plunger 32 and the portion of the gong rim which is struck thereby when the bell is operated.

It will of course be noted that in order to achieve the above-mentioned constant spacing with gongs of various sizes, the adapters which are used for all but the smallest size gong are fastened to the bell housing approximately at the central axis of the latter and extend upwardly therefrom to a second mounting hole such as the threaded hole 86 in FIGURE 4 which constitutes the approximate center of the gong. The larger the gong the greater the vertical spacing between the point of attachment of the adapter to the bell housing and the point of attachment of the gong to the adapter, in order that the portion of the gong rim which is struck by the tip of the striker upon operation of the bell will remain a precise constant predetermined distance from the striker tip regardless of the size of gong being utilized. It will be seen from the foregoing that in accordance with the present invention the installation of a gong or the interchanging of one size gong for another is extremely simple and. can .be performed in the field without any possibility of the installation being made incorrectly.

FIGURES 6 and 7 show a further embodiment of the present invention which includes the same basic bell mechanism 22 such as it shown in FIGURE 1. However, in the present embodiment the gong member 24 is removed and a chime bar attachment 120 is mounted on the bell mechanism 22, the latter being shown inverted relative to the illustration in FIGURE 1. The chime bar attachment 120 includes a mounting bracket 122 comprising a flat mounting plate portion 124 and a chime bar carrier portion 126 which is approximately perpendicular to the mounting plate. The mounting bracket 122 is positioned with the mounting plate 124 engaged against the flat face of the boss 40 formed on the front of the housing 28, and with the chime bar carrier 126 overlying the motor housing 28 and the striker rod 32 in vertically spaced relation thereto. The mounting plate 124 is provided with a locating hole 128 for receiving the locating pin 50 which projects from the front of the housing 28, andv the mounting plate is firmly secured to the front of the bell mechanism 22 by the fastening screw 26 which extends through a mounting hole 130 in the plate 124 and is threaded into the nut 52.

The chime bar carrier 126 has a chime bar 132 supported therefrom by a pair of screws 134 which extend upwardly through the chime bar and are threaded into the underside of the carrier member. The chime bar 132 comprises a relatively long flat bar which as shown is disposed in a horizontal plane, and the screws 134 which are substantially spaced from one another serve to support the chime bar beneath the carrier 126 and in overlying spaced relation to the bell mechanism 22 and striker rod 32. A pair of washers 136 made of felt or rubber or other resilient material are positioned on the support screws 134 immediately above the chime bar 132, and a further pair of resilient Washers 138 are mounted on the screws 134 between the heads thereof and the underside of the chime bar. Accordingly, the chime bar 132 is in effect floated or resiliently mounted since each support area thereof is disposed between vertically spaced washers or resilient supports 136 and .138 and engages only such supports. When the bell mechanism 22 is operated, the striker member 52 moves upwardly and strikes the underside of the chime bar 132 intermediate the two supporting screws 134 thereby providing a tone which is relatively soft and mellow compared to the tone of the various gongs described earlier herein. An upright hollow cylindrical member 140 closed at its upper end and open at its lower end is mounted centrally in the carrier 126 so as to project upwardly therefrom. The member 140 is disposed above the chime bar 132 in spaced relation thereto and is approximately concentric relative to the striker rod 32 so as to provide a resonant cavity or chamber for cooperation with the chime bar 132.

As discussed earlier in conjunction with the embodiment of FIGURE 1, the locating pin 50 is positioned on a line which passes through the central axis of the motor housing 28 and is parallel to the striker rod 32, and the mechanism 22 is adjusted at the factory so that the pin 50 is located a precise vertical distance from the tip of the striker rod. Moreover, in the manufacture of the chime bar attachment 120, the hole 128 is located a precise vertical distance from the underside of the chimebar 132. Accordingly, when the chime bar attachment 120 is mounted to the basic bell mechanism 22 and located thereon by means of the locating pin 50 and locating hole 128, the underside of the chime bar 132 where the same is struck by the striker rod 32 will be spaced a precise predetermined distance from the tip of the striker rod. Thus, the chime bar attachment 120 may be assembled in the field to the basic bell mechanism 22 without any adverse elTect on the adjustment or sound output of the signal. The chime bar attachment 120 may be provided in various sizes and may be used in conjunction with various types of bell mechanisms 22 such as single stroke AC or DC mechanisms and vibrating type AC and DC mechanisms.

I claim:

1. A bell comprising, in combination, a basic bel mechanism including a power unit having a movable striker, a plurality of sound producing means, means for mounting a se ected one of said sound producing means to said basic bell mechanism so that said striker when operated will strike a portion of said sound producing means and produce a signal, first locating means on said basic bell mechanism, and second locating means formed on each of said sound producing means, said first and second locating means cooperating to locate said selected one of said sound producing means with said portion thereof a predetermined distance from said striker thereby permitting interchangeable use of any selected one of said sound producing means with said basic bell mechanism.

2. The invention of claim 1 wherein said basic bell mechanism comprises a housing and a power unit including said striker, said first locating means being provided on said housing, and said power unit being adjustably connected to said housing for location relative to said first locating means.

3. The invention of claim 1 wherein one of said locating means comprises a pin and the other of said locating means comprises a pin hole which receives said pin therein.

4. A bell comprising, in combination, a basic bell mechanism comprising a housing and a power unit including a movable striker, said power unit being adjustably connected to said housing, a plurality of gongs, means for mounting a selected one of said gongs to said housing so that said striker when operated will strike a portion of said gong and produce a signal, first locating means on said housing, and second locating means formed on each of said gongs, one of said locating means comprising a pin and the other comprising a pin hole which receives a pin therein for locating said selected one of said gongs with said portion thereof a predetermined distance from said striker thereby permitting interchangeable use of any selected one of said gongs with said basic bell mechanism.

5. The invention of claim 1 where said means for mounting a selected one of said sound producing means to said basic bell mechanism includes an adapter bracket having a first portion for attachment of said adapter bracket to said basic bell mechanism and a second portion for attachment of said sound producing means to said adapter, said first and second adapter portions being spaced apart radially with said second portion spaced a greater distance from the end of said striker which strikes said sound producing means.

6. The invention of claim 5 wherein third locating means is provided on said adapter, said first and third locating means being engageable with one another for locating said adapter relative to said end of said striker.

7. The invention of claim 6 including fourth locating means provided on said adapter, said second and fourth locating means being engageable with one another for locating said sound producing means with said portion thereof a predetermined distance from said end of said striker.

8. The invention of claim 1 wherein said basic bell 8 mechanism includes a housing and said sound producing means comprises a gong, said means for mounting a selected one of said gongs to said basic bell mechanism including an adapter bracket having a first portion for attachment of said adapter to said housing and a second portion for attachment of said gong to said adapter, said first and second adapter portions being spaced apart radially with said second portion spaced a greater distance from the end of said striker, which strikes said gong, said first locating means being formed on said housing and said second locating means being formed on each of said gongs, third locating means on said adapter, said first and third locating means being engageable with one another for locating said adapter relative to the end of said striker which strikes said gong, said power unit being adjustably connected to said housing for locating said striker relative to said first locating means on said housing, and fourth locating means on said adapter, said second and fourth locating means being engageable with one another for 10- cating said gong with said portion thereof a predetermined distance from said end of said striker.

9. The invention of claim 8 wherein one of said second and fourth locating means comprises a pin and the other comprises a pin hole which receives said pin therein.

10. The invention of claim 8 wherein said fourth locating means comprises a pin and said second locating means comprises a pin hole which is drilled in said gong a predetermined distance from said portion of said gong which is struck by said striker.

11. The invention of claim 8 wherein one of said first and third locating means comprises a frustoconical boss and the other comprises a recess which receives said boss.

12. The invention of claim 8 wherein said gong is provided with a central mounting aperture which is elongated along a major axis thereof, and wherein said second locating means on said gong is disposed on a line which passes through said central mounting aperture and approximately coincides with the major axis thereof.

13. The invention of claim 1 wherein at least one of said sound producing means comprises a bracket having a chime bar supported therefrom, said means for mounting a selected one of said sound producing means to said basic bell mechanism comprising means for mounting said bracket to said basic bell mechanism so that said striker when operated will strike a portion of said chime bar and produce a signal, said second locating means being formed on said bracket, and said first and second locating means being engageable with one another for locating said chime bar with said portion thereof a predetermined distance from said striker.

14. The invention of claim 13 wherein said basic bell mechanism comprises a housing and a power unit including said striker, said first locating means being provided on said housing, and said power unit being adjustably connected to said housing for location relative to said first locating means.

15. The invention of claim 13 wherein one of said 10- catingmeans comprises a pin and the other of said locating means comprises a pin hole which receives said pin therein.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,086,083 2/1914 Reeve 340392 1,117,484 11/1914 Dunham 340-392 1,199,699 9/1916 Henderson 340-392 1,839,342 1/1932 Richmond 340-396 1,962,926 6/1934 Deary 340-392 2,468,474 4/1949 Whidden 340392 HAROLD I. PITIS, Primary Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 340-384, 392, 393 

